摘 要

林用热烟雾机是一种新型的、高效快速的化学防治病虫害的林用机械，它在森林病虫害防治中有十分重要的作用。脉冲发动机应用于林业病虫害防治机械即烟雾机中，具有重量轻，操作使用方便，生产效率高，农药应用效率高，环境污染轻等特点。适用于林业树木、农业橡胶树病虫害防治，拥有很大的应用前景^[2]。因此，烟雾机的研究与发展对我国林业机械和森林病虫害防治技术具有很大的推动作用。

本篇论文首先对国内和国外的烟雾机的发展历程和研究现状进行了简单的介绍，然后对林用热烟雾机的总体方案进行了确定，选用脉冲式发动机作为动力。随后对热烟雾机结构进行了总体设计，对脉冲式发动机的结构，化油器结构和支架的结构进行了分别设计与介绍。小型背负式烟雾机发展与开发对森林防治病虫害具有很重要的的意义。

关键词：小型；背负式；烟雾机；改进设计

Hot smoke machine

Abstract

Hot smoke machine is a new, fast and efficient chemical pest control machinery, it plays a very important role in the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests. Pulse motor application resourceful forestry pest control mechanical smoke machine, namely has light weight, convenient operation, high production efficiency, pesticide application of high efficiency, light environmental pollution. Apply to sheriff's agricultural rubber trees, pest control, have great application prospect [2]. Smoke machine, therefore, the research and development of our country forestry machinery and plant diseases and insect pests prevention and control technology has a great role in promoting.

This paper first to domestic and foreign development and research status quo of the smoke machine has carried on the simple introduction, and then to the overall scheme of the pulse of smoke machine, then the pulse smoke machine structure has carried on the overall design, the structure of impulse engine, carburetor structure and support structure design and introduced respectively. Small knapsack smoke machine development and development have very important sense to prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests.

KeyWord: Small; Knapsack; Fogger; Improved Design

目 录

1 绪论........................................................................6

1.1小型便携式烟雾机的概念..................................................6

1.2国内外烟雾机的研究现状及发展趋势........................................6

1.2.1 国内外烟雾机的基本类型............................................6

1.2.2 国外烟雾机研究与发展概况..........................................7

1.2.3 国内烟雾机研究与发展概况..........................................8

1.2.4 国内外烟雾机性能、结构特点分析...................................10

2.林用热烟雾机总体方案设计...................................................12

2.1林用热烟雾机的主要参数要求............................................12

2.2林用热烟雾机整体方案的确定............................................13

2.2.1烟雾载药方式的选择..............................................13

2.2.2发动机的选择....................................................13

3脉冲式烟雾机总体结构设计...................................................14

3.1 脉冲式发动机结构设计.................................................14

3.2 药剂供给系统的设计...................................................15

3.3 操作装置的设计.......................................................16

3.4 机架的设计...........................................................17

3.5 脉冲式烟雾机工作原理.................................................17

4.林用热烟雾机的各部件的结构设计.............................................19

4.1 烟雾机起动系统的设计.................................................19

4.1.1 打气筒.........................................................19

4.1.2 蓄电池.........................................................19

4.2 供油系统的设计.......................................................20

4.2.1 化油器的结构...................................................21

4.2.2 油箱的分析.....................................................22

4.3 燃烧室-喷管系统的分析................................................23

4.3.1 燃烧室的尺寸和结构的分析.......................................24

4.3.2 喷管结构分析...................................................24

4.4 冷却系统的分析......................................................26

4.5 供药系统的分析......................................................27

4.5.1 药箱的分析....................................................27

4.5.2 药剂开关的分析................................................28

4.6 本章小结............................................................29

结论.........................................................................30

致谢.........................................................................31

参考文献.....................................................................32

1 绪论

在写作论文之前，我在网上查阅了一些资料，我们国家在上个世纪的森林病虫害由于人们的重视程度不高和防止森林病虫害的技术落后，每年由于森林病虫害造成的损失是十分巨大的。全国森林病虫害的发生面积约占总森林面积的8.2%，占人工林面积的23.7%，森林病虫害已经成为制约我国林业发展的主要因素^[1]。烟雾机是一种新型的、高效快速化学防治病虫害机械，它在森林病虫害防治中具有十分重要的作用。所以，烟雾机的研究与发展对我国林业机械和森林病虫害防治技术具有很大的推动作用。

1.1小型便携式烟雾机的概念