摘 要

激光是20世纪60年代的新光源。由于激光具有方向性好、亮度高、单色性等特点而得到广泛应用。激光加工是激光应用最有发展前途的领域之一，现在已开发出20多种激光加工技术。而伴随激光技术的发展，CO2激光器以其效率高、稳定性好、功率高的优势占据了主要的激光加工市场，其中，激光电源是激光器的核心技术之一。早期的激光电源主要以模拟控制方式来实现激光激励，现在国外大部分激光电源已经成功将模拟电源转化为数字电源，即数字式激光源。而国内大多数字式激光技术还在引用国外，因此研究设计数字化控制的激光电源对提高国内激光电源技术有着深远的意义。

设计研究一种总线式大功率激光电源，该电源具有恒流的特性。通过dsPIC33EP256MU806这款单片机，控制PWM信号，来改变IGBT全控型器通断频率，激光电源的控制单元都以数字化形式进行控制，如PWM 的输出、电源的稳流、故障保护等等。该电源实现了激光电源的数字式控制。

本文首先对激光电源的工作原理进行分析，其次将电源控制系统分硬件与软件两部分进行详细介绍，详细说明每个控制单元的控制原理，最后对设计的激光电源控制系统进行上机调试，对调试结果进行分析与修正，并验证了本研究设计的可行性。

关键词：激光电源；dsPICEPMU806；IGBT 驱动

Abstract

Laser is a new source of the 1960s. Because the laser is directional, high brightness, color and other characteristics which are widely used. Laser laser processing is one of the most promising areas for development, it has now developed more than 20 kinds of laser processing technology. And with the development of laser technology, CO2 laser with its high efficiency, good stability, the advantages of high power laser processing occupy the main market, where the laser power is one of the core technology of the laser. Early laser power mainly in the analog control method to achieve laser excitation, and now most foreign laser power has been successfully converted into a digital analog power supply, namely digital laser source. The word most domestic laser technology is still cited abroad, the study design digital control laser power to increase domestic laser power technology has far-reaching significance.

Design Study of a high-power laser power bus, the power supply with a constant current characteristics. By dsPIC33EP256MU806 this SCM, PWM control signal to change the IGBT fully controlled via-band frequency, laser power control unit are controlled in digital form, such as a PWM output, supply of steady flow, fault protection, and so on. The power to achieve a digital control laser power.

This article first principle of the laser power is analyzed, followed by the power control system is divided into two parts, hardware and software in detail, a detailed description of each of the control unit control principle, the final design of the laser power control system on the machine commissioning, debugging results were analyzed and corrected, and verify the feasibility of the research design.

Keywords: laser power; dsPICEPMU806; IGBT drive

目 录

1绪论..........................................................................5

1.1课题的研究背景............................................................5

1.2 国内外研究现状与发展趋势.................................................6

1.2.1 激光电源国内外现状.................................................6

1.2.2 激光电源发展趋势...................................................7

1.3本文主要研究内容及意义....................................................7

2大功率激光电源控制系统的工作原理..............................................8

2.1总线式大功率激光电源的工作原理............................................8

2.2控制系统的研究与设计......................................................9

3总线式大功率激光电源控制系统的硬件设计.......................................11

3.1 主控芯片MCU 选型........................................................11

3.2 电流信号采集、A/D 转换电路...............................................12

3.3 PWM 保护电路.............................................................15

3.4 IGBT 驱动电路............................................................16

3.5故障锁存电路.............................................................17

3.6供电电源电路.............................................................18

4总线式大功率激光电源控制系统的软件设计.......................................19

4.1控制系统软件控制流程.....................................................19

4.2 各控制模块软件设计......................................................20

4.2.1 控制芯片初始化模块.................................................20

4.2.2 可调PWM 输出模块...................................................22

结论..........................................................................27

致谢..........................................................................28

参考文献......................................................................29

附录A.........................................................................30

1 绪论

1.1课题的研究背景

激光是20世纪60年代的新光源。由于激光具有方向性好、亮度高、单色性好等特点而得到广泛应用.伴随着激光技术的飞速发展，继固体激光器后, 气体激光器、化学激光器、染料激光器、原子激光器、离子激光器、半导体激光器、X 射线激光器和光纤激光器相继问世, 运用范畴也扩展到比如电子、轻工、包装、礼物、小五金工业、医疗器械、汽车、机械制作、钢铁、冶金、石油等, 为传统工业的技能改造和制作业的现代化供给领先的技能装备。具有其他加工所无法比拟的优势。

1、非接触式加工，对加工件无污染；