摘 要

众所周知,竹产业既是传统产业, 又是具有生态环保可持续发展概念的朝阳产业,竹产品形成100多个系列数千个品种，其中竹地板年产量612万、竹胶板年产量627万。在竹凉席、竹胶板和竹地板等产品的生产中，将圆形竹筒剖开成竹条是第一道工序。目前国内使用的作为竹材初加工设备的破竹机是由80年代设计的一种老式破竹机改进而成的。目前仍处于人工操作阶段，需人工辅助完成竹段的上料、装夹和破竹后竹片的收集、整理。这些机械不能很好的适合竹材加工，不仅对产品质量、效率、成本、设备的可靠性、耐用性、自动化程度等造成影响，而且在生产过程中安全性较低，甚至危及人身安全。所以需要研制一种自动化机械来代替现有的破竹机，提高效率、降低破竹的劳动强度。

老式破竹机工作时，由于带动推板运动的心轴安装在驱动链条的一侧，形成偏载，所以常使驱动链条断裂；由于竹筒直径大小不等，老式的破竹机中又没有竹筒直径测量装置，所以破竹时需根椐操作工的经验目测竹筒小头直径后，根椐竹筒小头直径的大小更换组合刀具，如果目测不准确，会造成竹材的浪费，同时组合刀具和竹筒不能实现自动对心，所以现在还没有一种自动化的破竹机能够很好的代替老式破竹机。在综合考虑以前破竹机优缺点的情况下，本文提出了一种新型数控破竹机，实现自动上料、自动换刀、自动对心的功能。主要从以下几个方面进行研究：

1.结合我国破竹工艺要求，分析国内破竹机的优缺点，提出新型数控破竹机的工作原理和设计方案。

1. 对破竹机总体结构进行设计。设计了破竹机的主传动系统、上料机构、支撑部件、对心机构等。
2. 运用Pro/e对破竹机进行建模和虚拟装配。对虚拟装配好的破竹机进行静态干涉检验，发现零件设计不合理的地方，及时进行修改。
3. 运用ANSYS软件对主要零件进行了校核分析，为物理样机的制造提供了依据。

关键词：数控破竹机；自动对心机构；V形支撑装置；ANSYS；Pro/E

The Study and Design on the NC Splitting Bamboo Machine

ABSTRACT

As is known to all, bamboo industry is a traditional industry, and has a sunrise industry of the concept of ecological sustainable development of environmental protection.bamboo products form more than 100 series and thousands of varieties, production capacity of bamboo flooring, bamboo veneer, the annual output 6.12 million 6.12 million.In the bamboo system product, bamboo veneer and bamboo flooring production, circular cut to spill into bamboo is the first working procedure.The current domestic use of bamboo machine is still an old split bamboo machine designed in the 80s, as bamboo raw bamboo machine, at present is still in the stage of manual operation, must be completed artificial auxiliary feeding bamboo section and the clamping and broken bamboo bamboo after collecting, sorting.These cannot be good for bamboo processing machinery, not only on product quality, efficiency, cost, equipment reliability, durability, and degree of automation, and safety in the process of production is low, and even endanger personal safety. So you need to develop an automated machinery to replace the existing bamboo machine, improve efficiency,and reduce labor intensity of the bamboo.

Old split bamboo machine working, due to drive the push plate movement of the spindle is installed in the side of the drive chain, the formation of partial load, so often makes driving chain fracture; Because the bamboo tube diameter size, old broken in bamboo machine and without bamboo tube diameter measuring device, so to break the bamboo root tree operators need to experience the visual to spill after the small diameter, the diameters of the root tree to spill his little head replacement combination tool, if visual inaccurate, will cause the waste of bamboo, and bamboo tube can not achieve automatic ecg and combination tools.So there is no an automated bamboo bamboo machine to substitute the old good breaking machine. Split bamboo machine before considering the pros and cons, this paper proposes a new NC split bamboo machine. Research mainly from the following several aspects:

1.According to our country's bamboo process requirement, analysis the advantages and disadvantages of domestic bamboo breaking machine, put forward a new type of NC split bamboo machine working principle and design scheme of bamboo.

1. To split the bamboo machine overall structure design. Design of the main drive system of bamboo machine, feeding mechanism, bearing parts, central organization, etc.
2. Using Pro/e to break the bamboo machine modeling and virtual assembly. Of virtual assembly good bamboo machine static interference inspection, found parts design is not reasonable place, in a timely manner.
3. Using ANSYS to check the strength of main parts,and Providing the basis for the physical prototype manufacturing.

Key words：NC Splitting Bamboo Machine;Automatic centering mechanism;V-shaped support device;ANSYS;Pro/E

目录

1 前言

1.1 课题来源 - 1 -

1.2 课题研究的意义 - 1 -

1.3 国内外发展概况 - 2 -

1.3.1竹工机械发展概况 - 2 -

1.3.2我国竹工机械未来发展趋势 - 3 -

1.4 论文主要研究的内容 - 4 -

1.5 研究方法及具体计划路线 - 4 -

1.5.1 研究的方法及手段 - 4 -

1.5.2 研究计划路线 - 5 -

2 数控破竹机总体设计方案 - 6 -

2.1数控破竹机设计要求 - 6 -

2.2数控破竹机总体结构 - 6 -

2.3数控破竹机工作原理 - 7 -

2.4工艺流程设计 - 8 -

3 数控破竹机机械系统设计 - 9 -

3.1数控破竹机的主传动系统 - 9 -

3.1.1设计要求 - 9 -

3.1.2主电动机选择 - 9 -

3.1.3初始数据计算 - 10 -

3.1.4传动比的计算及分配 - 10 -

3.1.5主链链传动的选型设计 - 11 -

3.1.6传动装置的运动、动力参数设计 - 12 -

3.1.7带传动的设计 - 13 -

3.1.8短链链传动设计 - 14 -

3.1.9锥齿圆柱齿轮的设计 - 15 -

3.1.10轴的设计 - 15 -