摘 要

本文在参照某高速公路绿篱修剪机实物图片基础上，重新设计了一款结构简单且功能优越的高速公路绿篱修剪机。在规划总体设计方案后，对其进行了运动学仿真，结构有限元分析和优化设计。新型修剪机在大幅度减轻结构重量同时，结构强度也有明显的提高，这对提高产品性价比和市场竞争力具有重要意义。

本文在论述国内外绿篱修剪机研制现状和发展趋势基础上，通过方案对比分析，提出了新型绿篱修剪机总体设计方案，与原修剪机相比，该修剪机设计方案具有结构简单,修剪范围广和修剪功率大等优点。

在初始设计阶段，进行了极限位置校核和相关附属配件的选择，随后在Proe里建立修剪机三维实体模型，为运动学仿真和有限元分析打下基础。此次设计的方案：通过车上的柴油机发电为电动机和车上的液压泵站发电，从而驱动刀架部分的刀具旋转以及液压泵站里面的液压马达旋转带动液压油进入滤器过滤油里面的油渣，然后进入溢流阀，溢流阀控制整个油路的压力，然后进入单向阀及阀块最后进入液压缸驱动液压缸运作。次设计中有三种液压缸，第一个是伸缩缸：可以通过调节伸缩范围以适应不同的绿篱宽度；第二个是180°摆动缸：通过旋转不同的角度来切割三角形、梯形等各种形状；第三个是升降缸：可以通过它来升降大臂调节整体的切割高度，以适应不同高度的切割。在大臂底座还有回转轴承，回转轴承由涡轮蜗杆组成，通过它可以使整个大臂旋转，从而使切割更加方便快捷。车上还有行程开关和电器控制器，在刀具不需要工作时可以通过电器控制器关闭它从而节省电能，行程开关是用来精确控制液压缸的伸缩或者升降范围。此设计的特点：设计的该绿篱修剪机不仅可以快速高效的一次完成绿篱的顶部、左侧、右侧的单面修剪，还可以同时修剪两个面或者三个面，并且可以根据需要调整绿篱修剪的形状，而且还可以将修剪下来的枝叶回收进小车内。本设计的特色和创新主要是可以修剪各种形状，可以回收修剪下来的枝叶，使的绿篱修剪机可以一机多用、自动化程度高、适应性强、工作可靠、环保，并且可以在不同的区域进行修剪。

关键词：绿篱修剪机；运动学仿真；结构有限元分析；结构优化设计导重法；升降缸；摆动缸

Hedge trimmer overall design and structure optimization

ABSTRACT

In this paper, in reference to a highway hedge trimmer based on real images, redesigning the function of a simple structure and superior highway hedge trimmer. After the overall design plan, was carried out on the kinematics simulation, finite element analysis and optimization design of structures. New cutting machine at the same time greatly reduce the structure weight, structural strength also have obvious improve, this is of great significance to improve the product performance and market competitiveness.

This paper in the domestic and foreign hedge trimmer development based on the present situation and development trend, through scheme comparison and analysis, put forward the new type of hedge trimmer overall design, compared with the original cutting machine, the cutting machine design scheme has a simple structure, wide trim and cut power, etc.

In the initial design stage, carried on the limit position check and related accessory parts selection, then in the Proe trimmer three-dimensional entity model is set up, to lay the foundation for kinematics simulation and finite element analysis. This design scheme: through the car diesel engine power for the motor and hydraulic pump station power in the car, and the drive mechanism to the rest part of the cutting tool and the hydraulic pump station to the hydraulic motor spins the hydraulic oil into the inside of the filter oil sludge, and then enter the overflow valve, relief valve control the oil pressure, and then enter the one-way valve and valve block finally into the hydraulic cylinder driven by hydraulic cylinder operation. There are three kinds of time in the design of the hydraulic cylinder, the first is the telescopic cylinder, can adjust the scale range to adapt to the different width of the hedge; The second is 180 ° swinging cylinder: by rotating a different Angle to cut shapes of triangle, trapezoid; The third is a lifting cylinder: can pass it to the cutting height of the lifting arm can adjust, to adapt to the different height of cutting. Base on the big arm and slewing bearing, slewing bearing is composed of turbine worm, through which we can make the big arm rotation, thus makes the cutting more convenient and quick. The car and travel switch and electric controller, when cutting tools do not need to work by electric appliance controller close it to save electricity, travel switch is used to precisely control the hydraulic cylinder telescopic or drops. The characteristics of this design: the design of the hedge cutting machine not only can be a completed quickly and the top of the hedge, the left and the right of the single clip, you can also trim the two sides or three surface, and can according to need to adjust the shape of a hedge pruning, but also cut down the branches can be recycled into the car. This design features and innovation are mostly can cut all kinds of shapes, can be recycled trim down branches and leaves, make the hedgerow pruning machine can multi-usage, high automation degree, strong adaptability, reliable operation, environmental protection, and can be trimmed in different areas.

Keywords: hedge trimmer; Kinematics simulation; Structural finite element analysis; Structure optimization design lead weight method. The lifting cylinder; Swinging cylinder

目 录

1 绪论................................................................1

• 1. 引言...........................................................1

1.2 国内外研究现状和发展趋势.......................................1

1.2.1国外研究现状.............................................1 1.2.2 国内研究状况.............................................2