摘 要

种子包衣技术是起源于欧美等发达国家的一种新的种子处理方法。它是提高种子科技含量、实现种子质量标准化的一项重要内容。种子包衣剂是指把农药、微肥和植物生长调节剂等按一定比例混合在一起的药剂。种子包衣技术是指通过机械或人工加工的手段，根据不同需要给种子表面包上一层不同有效成分的种衣剂。种衣在土中遇水只吸胀而不溶解，由此达到既不影响种子正常吸水发芽，又能使药肥缓慢释放，达到提高种子质量、防病治虫、促进幼苗生长的目的。种子包衣技术集优良品种、植保和土肥多学科技术为一体，是近年来我国在农业部门重点推广的一项高新科技成果。目前，种子包衣技术主要有种子包膜技术和种子丸化两种。包膜后种子质量略有增加，形状无明显变化；丸化后种子形状和大小均有明显改变，质量一般增加3~50倍，有利于机械化精量播种。同时，由于种子包衣剂用药少、毒性低、效率高等特点，是实现我国资源节约型和环境友好型社会的有效途径。由于种子包衣的应用，大大减少了农药施用量和施用次数，减少了环境污染，有利与农业可持续发展；减少了田间操作工序，省工、节本、增效，因而是水稻优质、高效、轻型栽培的重要途径，有着广泛的发展前景。

关键词：种子包衣；种衣剂；雾化装置

Overall design of seed coating machine

ABSTRACT

Seed coating technology is a new seed processing method for the developed countries, such as Europe and America.It is an important content of improving the content of seed science and technology and realizing the standardization of seed quality. Seed coating agent refers to the pesticide, fertilizer and plant growth regulators in a certain proportion mixed chemicals together. Seed coating technology is that by means of manual or mechanical processing, according to the different needs to seed coated on a layer of different effective components of seed coating agent. Inserted in the soil when encountering water only imbibition and dissolved, thus to not affect the normal absorption of seed germination and the pesticide and fertilizer slow release, to improve the seed quality, disease and pest control, promote the growth of seedlings. Seed coating technology set excellent varieties, plant protection and Dohi, multidisciplinary technology as a whole, is in recent years in our country, the Department of agriculture focused on the promotion of a high scientific and technological achievements. At present, there are two seed coating technology and seed pill technology. Coated seed quality after a slight increase, no significant changes in shape; after pelleting seed shape and size have significant change, the quality of the general increase in the 3-50 times, is conducive to mechanized precision seeding. At the same time, because of the characteristics of the seed coating agents, less toxicity and higher efficiency, it is an effective way to realize the resource-saving and environment-friendly society. Due to the application of seed coating, greatly reducing the pesticide application amount and application times, reduce environmental pollution, beneficial and sustainable development of agriculture; reduce the field operation, labor saving, cost saving and efficiency increasing. Therefore, it is an important way of rice of high quality, high efficiency, light planting, and will have a wide development prospect.

Key words：Seed coating；Seedcoating；Atomizing device

目 录

1绪论 - 1 -

1.1课题背景 - 1 -

1.2课题研究目的意义 - 1 -

1.3国内外研究概况 - 1 -

1.3.1国内种子包衣机械的发展现状 - 1 -

1.3.2国外种子包衣机械的发展现状 - 3 -

1.4种子包衣技术在中国存在的问题 - 4 -

1.5发展前景 - 5 -

2种子包衣机整体设计方案确定 - 6 -

2.1 种子包衣机的类型及比较 - 6 -

2.2 种子包衣机结构方案的比较 - 6 -

2.3种子包衣机主要机构的构造 - 7 -

2.4 种子包衣机的工作原理 - 8 -

2.5传动方案的设计比较 - 8 -

2.6本章小结 - 10 -

3传动系统结构的设计及计算 - 11 -

3.1传动设计的参数 - 11 -

3.2传动装置的设计计算 - 11 -

3.2.1搅龙的设计计算 - 11 -

3.2.2带传动的设计计算 - 13 -

3.3本章小结 - 17 -

4传动零件的设计及计算 - 18 -

4.1轴的运动和动力参数计算 - 18 -

4.2Ι轴的校核 - 19 -

4.3轴的强度计算 - 22 -

4.4轴承的选择与校核 - 24 -

4.5键的选择及校核 - 26 -

4.6本章小结 - 28 -

结 论 - 29 -

致 谢 - 30 -

参考文献 - 31 -

1绪论

1.1课题背景

种子作为作物生长的基础，它是农业丰收的一个重要的基础。由于农业新技术一步一步不断地推进，大量优良的种子已经成为了农业生产的丰收很好的基础。如今，要使种子的优势更好的发挥种子的优势，预防在种子播入土壤后受到病虫的侵害，从而影响种子的发芽出苗，同时能使农作物适应在不同的地区的土壤条件，还需要提供所需的微量元素给种子。因此，现如今已经广泛的采用了种子包衣技术，实现种子优良工程，以此增加农作物的产量，加快农业的发展。

1.2课题研究目的意义