摘 要

我国是一个农业大国，但并非农业强国，农作物的生长情况关乎着广大农民的切身利益，因此农林业的发展是社会主义建设的基本保障。江苏省是农业大省，水稻作为重要的粮食作物，其丰欠情况与农民的切身利益息息相关。由于水稻在生产过程中经常会遭到病、虫、草害的侵害，做好水稻病、虫、草害的防治工作对江苏省农村经济的发展至关重要。

目前我国喷杆喷雾机的技术普遍落后，自动化水平普遍偏低，存在农药利用率低，劳动强度大，机械化水平低等问题，所以采用传统喷雾施药作业方式并不能满足高地隙作物的生产要求，对高秆作物的中后期生长不利。为此，针对水稻种植行距大小，植株高低，地块大小，研制高地隙自走式喷杆喷雾机，且其发展也具有广阔前景。所以为了解决水田喷杆喷雾机的通过性差、底盘质量大和喷雾不均匀等问题，对水田喷杆喷雾机进行了整机设计，研制出质量轻、操作灵活简便、喷雾均匀性好的水田高地隙喷杆喷雾机迫在眉睫。

因此，本文从整机设计、关键零部件设计以及工作原理、过程两个方面对自走式高地隙喷杆喷雾机做了简单叙述，通过对底盘动力大小的调研，最后选择科勒CH730发动机，功率为30kw，可基本满足水田喷杆喷雾机的动力要求。选择的雅马哈发电机，以及药箱、驾驶室、喷杆喷架等均安装在底盘机架上，所以只需对以上部件的支撑部位进行连接设计，并满足强度要求; 其他部位受力较小，将进行简化处理设计，不仅节省了材料，而且使整机质量减轻。一方面从关键零部件的设计出发，简单介绍了底盘，机架，喷杆的升降折叠系统，另一方面简单介绍了喷雾机的液压系统以及液压泵的选择参数。最后通过对江苏地区水稻种植特点的调研并结合农艺要求，得到了水稻的间距、行距范围和地隙要求，最后确定高地隙喷杆喷雾机各部件的具体参数。

关键词：现状；高地隙；喷杆喷雾机；总体设计

ABSTRACT

Our country is an agricultural country, but not the agricultural power, crop growth concerns the vital interests of the broad masses of farmers, so the development of agroforestry is the basic guarantee of socialist construction. Rice is a big agricultural province, jiangsu province, as an important food crop, its abundant owe is closely related to the vital interests of the farmers. Because the rice in the production process often attacked disease, insect and weeds, can the prevention and treatment of rice disease, insects, weeds is crucial to the development of rural economy in jiangsu province.

At present, the spray boom sprayer technology behind generally, generally low automation level, low utilization rate of pesticide, the intensity of labor is big, the mechanization level is low, so the traditional spray pesticide practices do not meet the requirement of high gap of crop production, and is against the mid-late high stalk crops growth. Therefore, in view of the rice planting space size, plant height, lot size, developing high gap self-propelled lance spray machine, and its development also has a broad prospect. So in order to solve the paddy field spray boom sprayer through sexual difference, chassis quality problems such as uneven and spray, spray machine of paddy field spray rod for the machine design, developed the light quality, flexible operation, good uniformity of spray paddy field highland gap lance sprayer is imminent.

Therefore, this article from the machine design, key parts design and the working principle, process, two aspects of self propelled higher ground clearance spray boom sprayer made simple narrative, through investigation and research the size of the chassis power, finally choose kohler CH730 engine, the power of 30 kw, can basically meet the power requirement of paddy field spray rod sprayer. Choose yamaha generator, as well as the medicine cabinet, bridge, such as spray spray rod rack are installed on the frame, so just to support part of the above connection design, and satisfy the strength

requirements; Other parts of the force is small, will be treated as to simplify the design, not only saving the materials, but also makes the whole machine quality. Through the research of the characteristics of the rice planting area in jiangsu and agronomic requirements, got rice spacing and row spacing required by the scope and gap, finally determine the highland gap lance sprayer parts of specific parameters.

Key word：current situation ； High ground clearance ；

boom sprayer ； integrated design

目 录

第一章 绪论......................................................1

1.1 研究背景及其意义.................................................1

1.1.1研究背景....................................................1

1.1.2研究意义....................................................2

1. 2 国内外研究现状及发展势..........................................3

1.2.1.国外研究现状................................................3

1.2.2 高地隙喷雾机的发展现状......................................3

1.2.3 高地隙喷雾机配套施药技术的发展现状..........................4

1.2.4 国内喷杆喷雾机的研究现状....................................4

1.2.5我国植保机械存在的主要问题...................................7

1.2.6 国外植保机械的发展趋势......................................8

1.3 研究内容.........................................................9

1.3.1 设计内容....................................................9

1.3.2 设计依据....................................................9

1. 高地隙喷杆喷雾机整体结构及工作过程.....................10

2.1 整机结构........................................................11

2.2 高地隙水稻喷杆喷雾机的工作过程..................................12